If something is living, that means that something interacts with its environments, exchanging matter and energy. Also living things are all made of cells. So I think that if something is living, means it has at least one cell or more in its body. Also living things reproduce, grow, develop, and change. Those are the things they all perform. All living things have a lot of performances in common. Also they are responsible to their own environments. What it means by exchanging matter and energy is that if a tree produces H2O from CO2, human breathes H2O which is produced by the tree. And the human exhales CO2 from H2O, the tree gets CO2. This is exchanging matter and energy.
WHY ARE CELLS THE BASIC UNITS OF LIFE?
Because cells are the smallest in the body. Also they are the lowest level in the hierarchy of biological organization at the properties of life emerge. All of our bodies are composed of cells and cells are made from other cells which shows that the cells are the lowest level. Scientists learn about growth, reproduction, and all other functions that living things perform by studying cells because they are all performed by cells. The cell theory holds true for all living things, no matter what. Because They are common to all living things, they can provide information about all life.
WHAT IS NATURAL SELECTION?
Natural selection is the process by which traits become more or less common in a population due to consistent effects upon the survival or reproduction of their bearers. It is a key word of evolution. The natural genetic variation within a population of organisms cause some individuals to survive and reproduce more successfully than others in their current environment. It basically is a process in organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than are organisms with other characteristics.
10 Key Terms
-Biosphere: All the environments on Earth that support life.
-Ecosystem: All the organisms living in a particular area, and the nonliving physical components that living things need.
-Organelle: Membrane-bound structure that performs a specific function in a cell.
-Emergent Properties: The property where living things become more and more complex as it goes from cellular level.
-Producers: Photosynthetic organisms that provide the food for a typical ecosystem.
-Consumers: Organisms that eat plants and other animals to live.
-Genes: The units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to children.
-Prokaryotes: Archaea. Most live in Earth's extreme environments, such as salty lakes and hot springs.
-Science: To know. The way of knowing.
-Inductive Reasoning: Discovery science can lead to important conclusion based on a type of logic. For example "All organisms are made of cells."
-Deductive Reasoning: The logic used in hypothesis-based science to come up with ways to test hypotheses.
Explanation of Diagram
This is a diagram of eukaryotic cell.
It is subdivided by internal membranes into many different functional compartments or organelles, including the nucleus that houses the cell's DNA. It is bigger and more complicated than prokaryotic cell. Animals, plants, and fungi are composed of eukaryotic cells.
Summary of Chapter 1
All the living things are composed of at least one cell or more. There are two types of cells, one is a prokaryotic cell which compose only bacteria, and the other one is called eukaryotic cell which compose animals, plants, and fungi. All cells have DNA, and the continuity of life is based on this. DNA is a genetic material that has information from parents to offspring. They are similar to the way we arrange letter of the alphabet into precise sequences with specific meanings. Since there are tons of species, we decided to separate them into couple groups, such as three domains which are bacteria, eukarya, and archaea. In the domain, there are kingdoms. This is how we put all the organisms in several groups. In 1859, Charles Darwin published books about evolution. He talked about the idea of evolution. Also he pointed out that to propose a mechanism for evolution is called natural selection. Those books were immediate bestseller.
Scientists use two main approaches to learn about nature. One is called discovery science, and the other is called hypothesis-based science. Discovery science leads to important conclusions based on a type of logic called inductive reasoning. On hypothesis-based science, you make a hypothesis from your questions, and test it, then see what the result is. Those approaches could develop the technology because biology, technology, and society are connected. New discoveries of science can lead to new technologies. Also new technologies can lead to new scientific discoveries. If the technology improves, society improves as well. Evolution is connected to our everyday lives. Your cells develop depends on your environment. For instance, a giraffe's neck got so much longer than the past because it was easier for them to eat with long neck. They learned so that now their DNA makes their necks long like now.
5 FACTS:
1) All the living things perform seven things. Order, regulation, grow and develop, process energy, responsible for the environment, reproduce, evolutionary adaption.
2) Charles Darwin wrote a book about evolution and natural selection. The books became best seller.
3) Two types of discovery. Using hypothesis and leading to the result from many small facts.
4) Technology and science are related. Science leads to the new high technology things. Also Technology can lead to the new discovery of science.
5) Three types of domains. Bacteria(similar to archaea), Archaea(living in extreme environment), and Eukarya (having the most complex cell).
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